Puppy | Dry Dog Food

Special Offer: Buy 2x 12kg - get £3 off!

Sink your pup's teeth into Puppy Cuisine, a medley of succulent Scottish salmon, juicy chicken, tempting Turkey, flavourful herring, and delectable duck, because every tail wag deserves a taste of culinary excellence. Crafted by Eden, this puppy-perfect meal is a symphony of high protein goodness, ensuring your little one gets all the nutrients to leap into puppyhood with gusto. Our grain-free, naturally hypoallergenic blend boasts top-notch ingredients and a renowned high meat content, sans fillers, so your pup can digest every bit of goodness, resulting in stools that even the tiniest terrier would applaud. Delve into the protein powerhouse of salmon, boosting vision and brain development with its omega-3 fatty acids, whilst chicken keeps coats gleaming with omega-6 fatty acids and supports sturdy bones with essential amino acids. Turkey, the digestible muscle champion, and herring, the skin and coat whisperer, team up with duck, the B vitamin and phosphorus maestro, to ensure your pup's health journey is nothing short of a British canine adventure. But that's not all, our Puppy Cuisine packs over eight active herbs & minerals to fortify bones and joints, brighten eyes and freshen breath, all while omega-3 & 6 fuel cognitive development, perfect for focus during training. Made in Britain with British ingredients, because when it comes to your pup's well-being, only the best will do.

Special Offer: Buy 2x 11.4kg - get £3 off!

Special Offer: Buy 2x 11.4kg - get £3 off!

BIOLOGICALLY APPROPRIATE™ PUPPIES
Indulge your oversized furball with ORIJEN's tantalising mix of fresh free-run chicken and turkey, nest-laid eggs, and wild-caught fish – the ultimate fuel for those large breed antics. With muscles to sculpt and weight to manage, we've curated a recipe bursting with protein to sculpt that hulking physique while keeping calories in check to ease the strain on those developing bones and joints. Packed with a whopping 38% protein and a modest 20% low-glycemic carbohydrates, ORIJEN caters to your big pup's primal needs like no other. Say goodbye to the ordinary, as 2/3 of our meats are fresh or raw, sans preservatives, including the cream of the crop top 10 ingredients. And for that extra punch, a third of our meats are air-dried at 90°C to concentrate the goodness, giving your growing pup a hefty dose of nourishing protein. With WholePrey™ ratios brimming with fresh meats, organs, cartilage, fish, and eggs, we've got every nutrient base covered. Plus, a sprinkle of freeze-dried chicken and turkey liver adds an irresistible burst of flavour, sure to please even the most discerning of palates. With 85% meat and a splash of 15% fruits and veg, we're sticking to nature's winning formula, leaving behind highly processed carbs and starches. So, if you're keen to nourish your pup just as nature intended, let ORIJEN be your trusted guide in unlocking their inner wolf.

Sink your pup's teeth into Puppy Cuisine, a medley of succulent Scottish salmon, juicy chicken, tempting Turkey, flavourful herring, and delectable duck, because every tail wag deserves a taste of culinary excellence. Crafted by Eden, this puppy-perfect meal is a symphony of high protein goodness, ensuring your little one gets all the nutrients to leap into puppyhood with gusto. Our grain-free, naturally hypoallergenic blend boasts top-notch ingredients and a renowned high meat content, sans fillers, so your pup can digest every bit of goodness, resulting in stools that even the tiniest terrier would applaud. Delve into the protein powerhouse of salmon, boosting vision and brain development with its omega-3 fatty acids, whilst chicken keeps coats gleaming with omega-6 fatty acids and supports sturdy bones with essential amino acids. Turkey, the digestible muscle champion, and herring, the skin and coat whisperer, team up with duck, the B vitamin and phosphorus maestro, to ensure your pup's health journey is nothing short of a British canine adventure. But that's not all, our Puppy Cuisine packs over eight active herbs & minerals to fortify bones and joints, brighten eyes and freshen breath, all while omega-3 & 6 fuel cognitive development, perfect for focus during training. Made in Britain with British ingredients, because when it comes to your pup's well-being, only the best will do.

Special Offer: Buy 2x 11.4kg - get £3 off!

These guidelines should be adapted to take into account breed, age, temperament and the activity level of the dog. When changing foods please introduce gradually over a period of 2 weeks. Always ensure clean, fresh water is available. Store food in a clean, dry area.

FOR PUPPIES & ADULTS
Canagan Insect is a highly digestible hypoallergenic recipe which is superb for dogs with sensitive stomachs and allergies. Just like the rest of the Canagan range, it is completely grain-free and uses delicious black soldier fly larvae to create a nutritious and wholesome low carbon meal for our companions.

COMPOSITION Freshly Prepared Insects (27%)*, Dried Insects (27%)*, Sweet Potato, Potato, Peas, Insects Oil (6%)*, Minerals, Salmon Oil, Alfalfa, Glucosamine (1,000 mg/kg), MSM (1,000 mg/kg), Apple, Carrot, Spinach, Psyllium, Seaweed, Fructooligosaccharides, Chondroitin Sulphate (725 mg/kg), Camomile, Peppermint, Marigold, Cranberry, Aniseed & Fenugreek. *Black Soldier Fly Larvae

ANALYTICAL CONSTITUENTS Crude Protein 27% Crude Fat 16.5%, Crude Fibre 6.5%, Crude Ash 6.5%, Moisture 8%, Omega 6 3.2%, Omega 3 0.5%, Calcium 1.1%, Phosphorus 0.9%.

NUTRITIONAL ADDITIVES (PER KG) Vitamin A 16,230 IU, Vitamin D3 1,980 IU, Vitamin E 240 IU, Taurine 1,500 mg, Iron (Iron (II) Sulphate Monohydrate) 192 mg, Zinc (Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate) 144 mg, Manganese (Manganous Sulphate Monohydrate) 45 mg, Copper (Copper (II) Sulphate Pentahydrate) 14 mg, Iodine (Calcium Iodate Anhydrous) 1.92 mg, Selenium (Sodium Selenite) 0.38 mg.

FOR PUPPIES & ADULTS
Canagan Highland Feast has been carefully formulated with duck, turkey, pheasant & salmon to create a delicious mix of rich, dark meats and fish which will make your dog feel like a true hunter. Prebiotics support digestion whilst a host of botanicals provide many other benefits. In addition, significant amounts of glucosamine and chondroitin are added to help assist with the care of joints. Naturally, our recipes are grain free using the finest quality ingredients.
MADE WITH NATURAL PRODUCE FRESH FROM THE BRITISH COUNTRYSIDE
Canagan is a special grain free dog food formulated by our experts to deliver nutrition, close to their ancestral diet, with the correct ratio of protein to carbohydrate and a host of vegetables and botanicals.

This carefully balanced, nutrient dense formula will excite your dog's taste buds and give them the abundance of highly digestible protein demanded by their evolutionary needs.

COMPOSITION

Freshly Prepared Deboned Duck (14%), Freshly Prepared Deboned Turkey (14%), Sweet Potato, Dried Turkey (12%), Dried Chicken (7%), Tapioca, Freshly Prepared Deboned Pheasant (4%), Lentils, Chickpea, Dried Salmon (4%), Dried Herring (4%), Alfalfa, Chicken Fat (2%), Dried Egg (2%), Chicken Gravy (1%), Salmon Oil (1%), Minerals, Vitamins, Pumpkin, Carrot, Seaweed, Spinach, Glucosamine (1,000 mg/kg), MSM (1,000 mg/kg), Fructooligosaccharides, Chondroitin (725 mg/kg), Peppermint, Apple, Psyllium, Camomile, Marigold, Cranberry, Aniseed, Fenugreek & Green Lipped Mussel.

ANALYTICAL CONSTITUENTS

Crude Protein: 33.50%, Fat Content: 16.00%, Crude Fibres: 3.50%, Crude Ash: 10.50%, Moisture: 8.00%, Omega 6: 2.80%, Omega 3: 0.70%, Calcium: 2.10%, Phosphorus: 1.30%

NUTRITIONAL ADDITIVES (PER KG)

Vitamin A: 16,250 IU, Vitamin D3: 2,000 IU, Vitamin E: 240 IU, Ferrous Sulphate, Monohydrate: 641 mg, Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate: 400 mg, Manganous Sulphate Monohydrate: 141 mg, Cupric Sulphate Pentahydrate: 46 mg, Calcium Iodate Anhydrous: 3.14 mg, Sodium Selenite: 0.53 mg

Carnilove True Fresh Chicken with buckwheat & pumpkin is a complete formula with fresh meat for junior large breed dogs. Enriched with green-lipped mussels, lemna and kelp.

• Made exclusively with Fresh Meat – NO meat meals.
• Buckwheat is a source of lysine, which promotes the absorption of calcium. This is important for large breed puppies.
• Contains 60% fresh meat processed straight from fresh meat.
• Green-lipped mussels contribute to joint health and support bone strength. They are also a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, which boost immunity and help reduce inflammation.
• Grain-Free & Potato Free.

Fresh chicken (60%), peas, buckwheat (6%), dried apples, pumpkin (4%), red lentils, chicken fat (preserved with tocopherols), salmon oil (2.5%), natural flavours, dried kelp (Ascophyllum nodosum, 1%), dried egg shells (0.5%), Lemna protein (0.5%), dried sea buckthorn (0.2%), dried ginger root (0.1%), dried blueberries (0.1%), dried rosemary (0.1%), dried cranberries (0.1%), dried thyme (0.1%), glucosamine (0.026%), green-lipped mussels (0.025%), chondroitin sulfate (0.016%), brewer’s yeast (source of mannan-oligosaccharides, 0.015%), chicory root (source of fructo-oligosaccharides, 0.01%), Mojave yucca (0.01%)

Crude protein 27.0%, crude fat 14.0%, moisture 10.0%, crude ash 5.5%, crude fibre 3.8%, calcium 1.1%, phosphorus 0.7%, sodium 0.2%, omega-3 fatty acids 0.5%, omega-6 fatty acids 1.0%, EPA (20:5 n-3) 0.15%, DHA (22:6 n-3) 0.2%.

Vitamin A (3a672a) 22,000 I.U., vitamin D3 (3a671) 1,600 I.U., vitamin E (3a700) 550 mg, vitamin C (3a312) 300 mg, taurine (3a370) 1,500 mg, L-carnitine (3a910) 60 mg, choline chloride (3a890) 1,800 mg, niacinamide (3a315) 20 mg, biotin (3a880) 0.7 mg, zinc (3b606) 95 mg, iron (3b106) 80 mg, manganese (3b504) 40 mg, iodine (3b201) 0.75 mg, copper (3b406) 17 mg, selenium (3b810) 0.2 mg. Contains natural antioxidants: tocopherol extracts from vegetable oil (1b306(i)), ascorbyl palmitate (1b304) & rosemary extract.

It is always important to introduce a new food gradually. This will reduce the chances of digestive upset by allowing your dog time to adjust to the new food. On the first day, mix 25 percent new food with 75 percent old food. Over the next 5-7 days, slowly increase the new food and decrease the old food until you are feeding 100 percent Carnilove.

May be served dry or moistened with lukewarm water. The daily amount depends on the age, size, performance, and environment. The recommended daily amount is shown in the feeding table. Always make sure your dog has plenty of fresh water.

Calorie Content: 3,690 kcal/kg

For large breed puppies, weighing over 25kg at maturity.

Carnilove True Fresh Turkey with Red Lentils & Lemna is a complete formula with fresh meat for puppies of all breeds. Enriched with salmon oil, spirulina, and blueberries.

• Made exclusively with Fresh Meat – NO meat meals.
• Lemna and salmon oil provide essential omega-3 fatty acids which promote proper development of vision and the central nervous system.
• Contains 60% fresh meat processed straight from fresh meat.
• Spirulina is rich in minerals and amino acids, which boost immunity. Red lentils are an excellent source of minerals and fibre.
• Grain-Free & Potato Free

Fresh turkey (60%), peas, chickpeas, dried apples, chicken fat (preserved with tocopherols), red lentils (4%), pumpkin, salmon oil (2%), linseed (2%), natural flavours, hydrolyzed yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1%), montmorillonite (0.5%), lemna protein (0.5%), dried pears (0.3%), dried sea buckthorn (0.2%), dried ginger root (0. 1%), dried blueberries (0.1%), dried rosemary (0.1%), dried cranberries (0.1%), dried thyme (0.1%), glucosamine (0.03%), green-lipped mussel (0.025%), chondroitin sulfate (0.023%), brewer’s yeast (source of mannan-oligosaccharides, 0.017%), chicory root (source of fructo-oligosaccharides, 0.015%), mojave yucca (0.011%).

Vitamin A (3a672a) 22,000 I.U., vitamin D3 (3a671) 1,600 I.U., vitamin E (3a700) 550 mg, vitamin C (3a312) 300 mg, taurine (3a370) 1,500 mg, L-carnitine (3a910) 60 mg, choline chloride (3a890) 1,800 mg, niacinamide (3a315) 20 mg, biotin (3a880) 0.7 mg, zinc (3b606) 95 mg, iron (3b106) 80 mg, manganese (3b504) 40 mg, iodine (3b201) 0.75 mg, copper (3b406) 17 mg, selenium (3b810) 0.2 mg. Contains natural antioxidants: tocopherol extracts from vegetable oil (1b306(i)), ascorbyl palmitate (1b304) & rosemary extract.

It is always important to introduce a new food gradually. This will reduce the chances of digestive upset by allowing your dog time to adjust to the new food. On the first day, mix 25 percent new food with 75 percent old food. Over the next 5-7 days, slowly increase the new food and decrease the old food until you are feeding 100 percent Carnilove.

May be served dry or moistened with lukewarm water. The daily amount depends on the age, size, performance, and environment. The recommended daily amount is shown in the feeding table. Always make sure your dog has plenty of fresh water.

Calorie Content: 3,800 kcal/kg

For puppies 1-12 months of age, up to 25kg at maturity.

Nourish your small breed for big adventures with protein-rich recipes that provide peak nourishment. All puppies do best on a Biologically Appropriate diet rich in protein and fat from quality animal ingredients to support their development. ORIJEN Small Breed Puppy diet is packed with 85%² quality animal ingredients like fresh or raw chicken, salmon and turkey. Packed with WholePrey animal ingredients like organs and bone, ORIJEN food is made with the most nutrient-dense, succulent parts of the prey to deliver the nutrition puppies need. The result is a diet for your canine companion that is beyond comparison.

Key features:

• The first 5 ingredients are fresh or raw¹ chicken, salmon, turkey, hake and herring
• 85%² quality poultry and fish ingredients, providing a strong source of essential protein, vitamins and minerals
• Authentic WholePrey diet, using the nutritious parts of their prey. Including meat, organs and bone
• Muscle development, balanced protein and minerals from animal ingredients to help support development of strong muscles and bones
• Freeze-dried coated for a burst of raw flavour your dog instinctively craves
• Antioxidants from cranberries, blueberries and botanicals help to support immune function

Suitability: Formulated to meet the nutritional levels established by FEDIAF for growth.

¹Our fresh ingredients use refrigeration as the sole method of preservation and our raw ingredients are frozen at their peak freshness.
²Approximate and derived from the unprocessed state of the ingredients.

All dogs are individuals, and feeding guides are meant to be used as an initial recommendation. Monitor your dog’s body condition and adjust feeding amounts accordingly.

Metabolizable energy: 4000 kcal/kg (500kcal per 250ml/125g cup).

Storage: Once opened, you can safely store ORIJEN Dry food in its packaging by rolling the top of the bag down after each use. If you live in a humid climate, consider using an airtight container and simply put the entire bag of food in the container. Remember to wash your storage bin whenever you change out your bag of food to ensure food build-up does not occur. Remember, too, to keep the lot number handy.

Refrigeration of ORIJEN Dry Kibble is not required. Rather than a garage with large temperature fluctuations, the best storage is in your home in a cool, dry place at room temperature.

These guidelines should be adapted to take into account breed, age, temperament & the activity level of the dog. When changing foods please introduce gradually over a period of 2 weeks.

All the ingredients for a happy dog!

Dogs love nothing more than running, playing, catching and splashing. A warm hug, a rub on their tummy and a delicious meal in their bowl is all they really want. We’ve created a food that is nutritionally balanced, wholesome, natural, pure and simple. It’s rich in freshly prepared meat, so it’s easy to digest, giving them all the energy they need to show how much they love you. The best meal for your best friend.

FROM WEANING TO ADULT
Grain free puppy food specially formulated with prebiotics for gut health, healthy omega-3 fatty acids, DHA for brain development and added joint care. Supports growing puppies from weaning to adulthood.

COMPOSITION
Freshly Prepared Free Range Chicken (29%), Dried Chicken (26.5%), Sweet Potato (11%), Potato, Peas, Chicken Fat (4%), Alfalfa, Dried Egg (3%), Chicken Gravy (1.5%), Minerals, Salmon Oil (1%), Glucosamine (1,000 mg/kg), MSM (1,000 mg/kg), Apple, Carrot, Spinach, Psyllium, Seaweed Oil Extract, Fructooligosaccharides, Mannanoligosaccharides, Chondroitin Sulphate (700 mg/kg), Green Lipped Mussel, Camomile, Peppermint, Marigold, Cranberry, Aniseed & Fenugreek.

ANALYTICAL CONSTITUENTS
Crude Protein 34%, Crude Fat 15%, Crude Fibre 4%, Crude Ash 9%, Moisture 8%, Omega 6 3.6%, Omega 3 0.8%, Calcium 1.6%, Phosphorus 1.3%.

NUTRITIONAL ADDITIVES (PER KG)
Vitamin A 16,230 IU, Vitamin D3 1,980 IU, Vitamin E 240 IU. Trace Elements: Iron (Iron (II) Sulphate Monohydrate) 192 mg, Zinc (Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate) 144 mg, Manganese (Manganous, Sulphate Monohydrate) 45 mg, Copper (Copper (II) Sulphate Pentahydrate) 12 mg, Iodine (Calcium Iodate Anhydrous) 1.92 mg, Selenium (Sodium Selenite) 0.1 mg.

Sink your pup's teeth into Puppy Cuisine, a medley of succulent Scottish salmon, juicy chicken, tempting Turkey, flavourful herring, and delectable duck, because every tail wag deserves a taste of culinary excellence. Crafted by Eden, this puppy-perfect meal is a symphony of high protein goodness, ensuring your little one gets all the nutrients to leap into puppyhood with gusto. Our grain-free, naturally hypoallergenic blend boasts top-notch ingredients and a renowned high meat content, sans fillers, so your pup can digest every bit of goodness, resulting in stools that even the tiniest terrier would applaud. Delve into the protein powerhouse of salmon, boosting vision and brain development with its omega-3 fatty acids, whilst chicken keeps coats gleaming with omega-6 fatty acids and supports sturdy bones with essential amino acids. Turkey, the digestible muscle champion, and herring, the skin and coat whisperer, team up with duck, the B vitamin and phosphorus maestro, to ensure your pup's health journey is nothing short of a British canine adventure. But that's not all, our Puppy Cuisine packs over eight active herbs & minerals to fortify bones and joints, brighten eyes and freshen breath, all while omega-3 & 6 fuel cognitive development, perfect for focus during training. Made in Britain with British ingredients, because when it comes to your pup's well-being, only the best will do.

Complete Dog Food For Puppies – Semi-Moist 

Our Alpha Spirit Complete Dog Food For Puppies has been made using only the best natural ingredients to keep your dog healthy and strong. Our Complete Dog Food is not extruded, has been made without cereals, gluten or meat flours and uses only the freshest, natural ingredients ensuring that your dog will be energised, healthy and have a shiny beautiful coat.

Made from only fresh fish and meat, in every 1kg of food produced, 2kg of fresh meat and 0.5kg of fresh fish has been used, and they are always cooked at low temperatures to ensure preservation of nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Another great benefit of this food is that it does not contain any added fat, grains, or gluten.

Made using tenderise technology; a manufacturing process that ensures palatability, this process is very similar to cooking food at home which guarantees the products high nutritional values resulting in a healthier choice of food for your dog.

Features:

• Cold-pressed
• 45 portioned packs of 200g included
• Kibble size: 6 x 6mm (sizes can vary from kibble to kibble)
• Multi-protein
• Soft food
• Made from fresh meat and fish
• A healthy choice
• High nutritional values
• Gluten-free
• Grain-free
• Not extruded
• All fats are from natural sources (meat and fish)
• Individual packs inside
• Individual trays are made from monoplastic so are 100% recyclable
  

Ingredients: Partially hydrolysed fresh meat and fish (35% fresh turkey meat, 20% fresh whole fish (arsenal (Sardinella aurita), mackerel (Scomber scombrus), horse mackerel (Trachurus spp.), sardine (Sardina pilchardus)), 15% fresh pork, 10% meat fresh duck, 5% fresh chicken liver, hydrolysed starch, vegetable glycerine (USP), eggs, Beta Vulgaris pulp, brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), sweet potato, carrot, apple, cumin (Cuminum cyminum), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), turmeric (Curcuma longa)

Dietary Advice: Gluten Free

Energy per Kg: 3308kcal/13841kJ

Usage Advice:

• A daily recommended food guide has been created which can be used for reference. Factors such as age, physical activity levels, weight and breed will need to be taken into consideration
• Make sure that fresh and clean water is always available for your dog
• Suitable for all dog breeds

Storage Advice: Store in a cool, dry place that is shaded from sunlight

Dispatch 2-3 days

Product Composition:

Scottish Salmon with Dill, Spinach, Fennel, Asparagus & Tomato

Discover our new Superfood 65 recipes, featuring the finest, freshly prepared raw meat/fish gently cooked to protect the valuable protein, plus a blend of nutritiously beneficial Superfoods. 

This is a grain-free recipe.

Recipe:

• 65% Total Salmon: Rich in essential amino acids, vitamins & minerals to support every day health and well-being.
• Minimum 35% Freshly Prepared Scottish Salmon: Responsibly sourced and highly digestible protein source.
• Joint Care Pack: To help support cartilage metabolism for the growth of healthy joints in puppies.
  
• Superfood Blend: A blend of 5 carefully selected superfoods each with their own unique benefits.
• Rich in Collagen: Helps maintain healthy joints and skin.
• Digestive Health: Pre-biotics MOS and FOS which are beneficial for the growth of healthy gut bacteria and support digestion.

Ingredients: 65% Salmon (35% Freshly Prepared Scottish Salmon, 22% Dried Salmon, 5% Salmon Oil, 3% Salmon Gravy), Sweet Potato, Beans, Beet Pulp, Omega 3 Supplement, Dried Superfood Blend* (Including Dill, Spinach, Fennel, Asparagus, Tomato), Minerals, Fructooligosaccharides (FOS, 192 mg/kg), Glucosamine (170 mg/kg), Methylsulfonylmethane (170 mg/kg), Chondroitin Sulphate (125 mg/kg), Mannanoligosaccharides (MOS, 48 mg/kg), Nucleotides, Olive Extract (0.01%)

Analytical Constituents: Crude Protein 33.5% Crude Fat 15% Crude Fibre 2.5% Crude Ash 8% Moisture 8% NFE 33% Metabolisable Energy 382 kcal/100g Omega 6 Fatty Acids 1.2% Omega 3 Fatty Acids 2.6% Calcium 1.2% Phosphorus 0.9% Collagen 3.5%

A grain free & natural, cold pressed complete dog food with fresh chicken specially developed for growing puppies of all breeds, including large breed puppies.

INGREDIENTS: Fresh chicken (35%), Sweet potato (35%), Hydrolysed fish protein (16%), Whole egg (5%), Beet pulp, Brewer's yeast, Minerals, Chicken fat, Inulin (source of prebiotic FOS), Herbal blend (0.25%; Parsley, Rosemary, Nettle, Chamomile, Sage, Thyme, Coriander leaves, Dandelion leaves, Liquorice).

ANALYTICAL CONSTITUENTS: Crude protein 25%, Crude fat 12%, Crude fibre 2.3%, Crude ash 6.1%, Vitamin A 9782 IU/kg, Vitamin C 6,4mg/kg, Vitamin B6 3.9mg/kg, Omega-3 2.8g/kg, Omega-6 15 g/kg, Calcium 0.8%, Phosphorus 0.5%, M.E. kCal 378.7 kCal/100g.

NUTRITIONAL ADDITIVES: Vitamin D3 1750 IU/kg, Ferrous sulphate monohydrate 87 mg/kg, Manganous oxide 32 mg/kg, Cupric sulphate pentahydrate 15.5 mg/kg, Zinc sulphate monohydrate 155 mg/kg, Calcium iodate anhydrous 1.5mg/kg, Sodium selenite 0.3mg/kg. Antioxidants: Tocopherol-rich extract of natural origin.